The history of Casa Batlló begins not with Antoni Gaudí, but with a conventional apartment building constructed in 1877 by architect Emilio Sala Cortés, who was ironically one of Gaudí's professors. Its transformation into a world-renowned masterpiece started when textile industrialist Josep Batlló purchased the property in 1903 and commissioned Gaudí to create a home that would stand out from all others.

From Conventional House to Bold Vision

Located on the prestigious Passeig de Gràcia, the original building was plain and unremarkable. At the turn of the 20th century, this avenue was the epicentre of Barcelona's high society, where wealthy families competed to build the most spectacular homes. This competitive spirit gave the block its famous nickname, the Illa de la Discòrdia or "Block of Discord."

The Batlló Commission (1903)

Josep Batlló wanted a house that was unlike any other. He initially planned to demolish the existing structure entirely. However, in 1904, he entrusted the project to Antoni Gaudí, giving him total creative freedom. Gaudí, confident in his vision, persuaded Batlló that a complete renovation would be more than sufficient to create something extraordinary.

The Gaudí Transformation (1904-1906)

Between 1904 and 1906, Gaudí undertook a radical refurbishment that changed the building forever. He completely redesigned the façade, added new floors, expanded the central light well to illuminate the entire interior, and redistributed the internal spaces. The result was a building that seemed more like a living organism than a house, with an undulating, colourful exterior and an interior devoid of straight lines.

Life After Gaudí and the Batllós

The Batlló family lived in the main apartment, known as the Noble Floor, for many years. Josep Batlló passed away in 1934, and his wife died in 1940. The children managed the property until 1954, when it was sold to an insurance company, Seguros Iberia, which set up offices inside.

A New Era of Preservation

The building underwent several refurbishments over the following decades. In 1970, some interior rooms were restored, and in 1983, the exterior balconies were returned to their original colour. A significant turning point came in 1993 when the building was acquired by its current owners, the Bernat family. They began a comprehensive restoration to preserve Gaudí's original creation.

A Public Icon and UNESCO Site

The Bernat family's ownership marked the beginning of Casa Batlló's public life. Here is a timeline of its modern history:

  • 1995: The family opens the house to the public for the first time, making its unique spaces available for events.
  • 2002: To celebrate the International Year of Gaudí, Casa Batlló begins offering cultural tours to the public. This decision was met with great success, attracting visitors from all over the world.
  • 2005: Casa Batlló is officially recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, joining other key works by Gaudí. This designation cemented its status as a monument of outstanding universal value.

Today, Casa Batlló is one of Barcelona's most beloved landmarks, welcoming more than 1 million visitors each year. It stands not only as a testament to Gaudí's genius but also as a beautifully preserved piece of Barcelona's cultural history. For those interested in seeing this history firsthand, guided tours offer an in-depth look at its architectural marvels.

Frequently asked questions

When was Casa Batlló originally built?

The original building that Gaudí renovated was constructed in 1877 by the architect Emilio Sala Cortés. Gaudí's famous transformation took place much later, between 1904 and 1906.

Who commissioned Gaudí to redesign Casa Batlló?

Josep Batlló i Casanovas, a prominent textile industrialist, commissioned Antoni Gaudí in 1904 to redesign the house for his family. He gave the architect complete creative freedom for the project.

Is Casa Batlló a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

Yes, Casa Batlló was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2005. It is part of the group designation "Works of Antoni Gaudí," which recognizes seven of his properties for their exceptional creative contribution to architecture.

Experience this incredible piece of history for yourself. Plan your visit and book tickets to step inside one of Gaudí's most imaginative creations.